Barnton Pharmacy

The cholera vaccine is available as an inactivated oral vaccination and is thiomersal-free. The course of vaccinations should be finished at least 1 week before travel.⁶

For adults, 2 doses (given 1 to 6 weeks apart) can provide protection for up to 2 years. A reinforcing dose is given after 2 years.

Young children require 3 doses of vaccine to establish effective immunity.⁶

The vaccine does not provide complete protection. For example, it does not protect against all strains of cholera. Therefore, it is still important to take precautions with food, water and personal hygiene.⁴

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Hepatitis A is an inactivated vaccine. It is available for adults and children. The hepatitis A single vaccine is given as two doses:

• 1^st dose is ideally recommended 2 weeks before travel to develop immunity. It protects for about 1 year.
• 2^nd dose is recommended ideally 6-12 months after the first dose. It protects for about 25 years.
• A booster dose of hepatitis A vaccine after 25 years can be given to those at risk of infection

Combination vaccines are also available:

• Hepatitis A and hepatitis B
• Hepatitis A and typhoid fever ⁸

The doses of the combined vaccines need to be given at slightly different time intervals. The travel clinic pharmacist will be able to provide further information.

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Several well-tolerated inactivated hepatitis B vaccines are available as well as combined hepatitis A/B products.¹

There are many different immunisation schedules for hepatitis B vaccine which depend on the vaccine product used and how quickly protection is needed for pre or post exposure.⁷

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The JE vaccination is suitable for adults and children aged 2 months and over.

The vaccine is given as an injection of 2 doses. The second dose is usually given 28 days after the first dose to obtain full protection. An accelerated schedule is available for adults aged 18-65 years, where the second dose is given after 7 days following the first dose.

With both schedules, the dose of the second vaccine should be completed at least 7 days before travelling to an area where there is a risk of JE.

For travellers who continue to be at risk of infection, a first booster dose of the vaccine should be given 12 to 24 months after the first dose. A second booster can be given after 10 years to those who remain at risk.⁵

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There are three types of vaccines against the following meningococcal infections:

• MenB vaccine – protects only against group B
• MenC vaccine – protects against group C only
• MenACWY vaccine – protects against groups A, C, W and Y⁵

The vaccines stimulates the immune system to protect against meningococcal infection in case of infection with the bacteria.¹

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A total of 5 doses of vaccine at the appropriate intervals are considered to give satisfactory long-term protection. The UK schedule for primary immunisation is as follows:

• Children <10 years: at 2, 3 and 4 months of age
• Children >10 years and adults: the primary course is 3 doses

Those who miss a dose need to resume the schedule but do not need to have repeat doses. There should be a minimum for one month in between doses of the vaccine.

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There are two rabies vaccines available in the UK, both of which are inactivated. The vaccine is highly effective. It stimulates the body to make antibodies against the rabies virus. These antibodies protect against illness should infection with the virus occur.

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A vaccine against TBE is available for children over 1 year and adults. The vaccine is inactivated and does not contain thiomersal. The schedule consists of 3 doses given on:

• 1^st dose: Day 0
• 2^nd dose: 1-3 months after the 1^st dose
• 3^rd dose: 5-12 months after the 2^nd dose

A booster dose is recommended every 3 years after the 3^rd dose if the individual continues to be at risk.⁶

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Information about this vaccine will be available soon.

Yellow fever vaccine is available for adults and children aged 9 months or older.

The vaccine is a live attenuated form of the virus administered as a single dose. Protection begins by the tenth day after vaccination. It should therefore be given at least 10 days prior to travel to the high risk area, to allow sufficient immunity to develop. Once given the vaccine lasts for life.

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Hepatitis A is an inactivated vaccine. It is available for adults and children. The hepatitis A single vaccine is given as two doses:

• 1^st dose is ideally recommended 2 weeks before travel to develop immunity. It protects for about 1 year.
• 2^nd dose is recommended ideally 6-12 months after the first dose. It protects for about 25 years.
• A booster dose of hepatitis A vaccine after 25 years can be given to those at risk of infection

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Hepatitis B vaccination is routinely available as part of the NHS vaccination schedule to all babies at 8, 12 and 16 weeks of age.⁶

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A vaccine against TBE is available for children over 1 year and adults. The vaccine is inactivated and does not contain thiomersal. The schedule consists of 3 doses given on:

• 1^st dose: Day 0
• 2^nd dose: 1-3 months after the 1^st dose
• 3^rd dose: 5-12 months after the 2^nd dose

A booster dose is recommended every 3 years after the 3^rd dose if the individual continues to be at risk.⁶

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A shingles vaccine is available on the NHS for people who are aged 70 and 78. It helps reduce the risk of getting shingles. It is still possible to get shingles after being vaccinated but the symptoms are much milder.³

A live, attenuated (weakened) shingles vaccination is available in the UK. The vaccine is effective for at least 5 years post vaccination.⁴

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Information about this vaccine will be available soon.